Reproductive Health and Infertility

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterine cavity. It commonly affects the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic tissues, causing pain, inflammation, and fertility problems. Women with endometriosis often experience severe menstrual pain, pelvic discomfort, painful intercourse, and irregular bleeding. Delayed diagnosis is common because symptoms may resemble other medical conditions. Research in endometriosis focuses on understanding hormonal influences, immune system involvement, and genetic risk factors. Treatment approaches include pain management, hormonal therapy, laparoscopic surgery, and fertility support. The condition can have a major emotional and social impact on patients due to chronic pain and infertility challenges. Early detection and multidisciplinary care are essential for improving quality of life. Advances in imaging, minimally invasive surgery, and reproductive medicine continue to improve management strategies. Endometriosis remains an important topic in women’s reproductive health and fertility research worldwide.